High voltage oil switch



Nov. 24, 19431. F. HousT I HIGH VOLTAGEOIL SWITCH Filed July 13,y 1927 5 Sheets-sheer 1 A s FRANZ HousT INVENTOR am ATTOR N EY Nov. 24, 1931.

F. HoUs'T HIGH AVOLTAGF OIL SWITCH Filed-'Ju1y 13, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FRANZ HOUT INVENTOR BY Q 2M ATTORNEY.

Nv. 24, 1931. F. HOUST 1,833,678

HIGH VOLTAGE OIL SWITCH Filed July 13. 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig.6

Franz Hoog? INVENTORi ATTN.

y Patented Nov. 24, l1931 i um'rED STATES PATENT .ioFFICE i FRANZVHOUST, or PLzEN, CZECHOSLOVAKIA` i HrGH `vonfrnefia ein .SWITCH Application ined July `13, 192'?, serial Nazosoo, and iaczeohosiovakia July 1o, 192e. Y

In high voaageon Switches a is desired tof increase the efficiency and the reliabilityof the switch by increasing the rapidity ofthe switching operation. The reasonlfor this is that theduration of the arc occurring in 4the switching operation depends upon the rapid-y ity Vof movement ofthe switch proper and further that it is desired to reduce the genera- Y tion of hot oil vapoursv to a minimum. y'How- 10 ever inthe toil switches as heretofore constructed increase in the rapidity of the switching operation: is impossible in view i' of the large masses which must be moved,' with the result that undue shocks take place and necessitate undesirably greatpower for actuating the switch.

The object of this invention is to provide a high voltage oil switch,` whichprovides for a great rapidity of the switching operation so' while requiring only comparatively small power for operating the same, and which is efficient in operation and durable in construction. "These objects arev accomplished Aby means of the present invention and by coupling the driving element of the oil switch with the driven element by couplingvdevices comprising a clutch having lost motion and a resilient element, cooperating with each other, said resilient element adaptedto be tensioned in consequence of the inertia of the driven part, whereby the clutch is adapted to accumulate energy and suddenly ytransmit such energy to said driven element at the ino-pr ment when the inertia of the driven part is overcome. According :to the invention the construction of the switch is suchthat the accumulation of the actuating energy transmitted is effected partly in kinetic and partly in a potential form and a sudden transmis- 40 sion of the energy accumulated to the driven elementis madepossible.

In thedrawings two constructional forms ofthe high voltage oil switch embodying the Z invention are shown by way of example. Fig-.1, 45V 1 shows a vertical central sectionof a switch, Fig. 2 is a section on the line IIQH Fig.- 1,`

Fig. 3 is a vertical central section of the driving mechanism ofv another construction al form, Fig. 1 isaplan view of a brake mechanism,lFig. 5 shows a timefway' graph and Fig.

vlated from the switch casingiby a cylindrical l tube 7 ofvinsulating materia-l attached to vthe kcontact memberby means/of a clamping sleeve 8. Another clamping sleeve 8establishes the `connection with the swtich' shaft 65 l0 through a part y9.

A casing 11, made in two parts -and-separated'from each other by'a horizontal joint, ivsvsecured to the cover 3 and fullyfencloses the driving mechanism.' Theswitch shaft 1 0 0 carries at its top end an inverted dish shaped body 13 .detachably secured thereto "and provided at itslbottom side with teeth 14 Fig. Y 2) resembling those ofa. clutch 14.- yThe 7.5

teeth 14 engaging between the teeth 14 are provided on a part 15 surrounding the switch shaft and journalled in the casing 11 by means of a ball bearing 16, lthe part carry-4 ing at its top side a dished projectionl 17. The bottom sidelofthe 1part15 carries gear 80 teeth 18 on a part of its circumference into which a toothed 4segment *21, engages,l `the latter being disposed at the end of alever 20. The lever 20 is pivoted on `the -cover of theswitch by Vmeans ofa journal pin 22 and 8 is actuated by a pullingA device 23fpivoted to the lever 2() by a journal pin. Apowerful coiled spring`25fis interposed betweenaud abutting the parts 13 and 17.

. The operation of the driving mechanism of the switch is as follows:` The movement of the pulling device 23 is transmitted to the lever `2() Vand vthetoothed segment k21. Therefore the part 15 to which one end of the coiled spring 25 is connected is rotated and the spring" 25 is put under tension, the teeth 14 of the clutch 2) being moved in the directionof the arrow p. Between the teeth 14 of the part 15 andthe teeth 14 yof the part 13 there is provided a'space s which provides lost motion and results in the teeth of the clutch coming into mesh with each other after having moved through the said space s. Simultaneously with the engagement of the teeth 14 and the teeth 14, the driving mechanism imparts movement to the driven part, that is to say, to the switching shaft 10, the parts 9, 8, 7 and the contact member 6. The acceleration of the driven part is brought about by the sudden disengagement of the tensioned spring 25 and by the direct transmission of the movement by means of the clutch. 14. Itis important in this connection that during the movement through the space s an accumulation of the energy of the driving mechanism takes place in two ways, i. e., lirst by the moved masses of the driving mechanism (kinetic energy) and second by the spring 25 put under tension duringthe movement through the space s (potential energy). Because of the step by step acceleration of the masses to be driven, in the rst step up to the throwing into operation of the clutch 14, the parts 15, 20, 23 and in the second step, the parts 13, 10, 8` 7, 6 being accelerated, the result vis secured, according to the present invention, that with an equal switching force the contact member moves rapidly away from the contact 4 and thus the voltaic arc is prevented from staying.

The vertical arrangement of the switching shaft 10 which per se is not absolutely necessary tor the invention oifers among other advantages that the hot oil vapours ascend in a direction perpendicular to the contacts, a condition likewise of great importance for the rapid extinction of the arc.

In this construction the spring 25 serves to press the contacts against each other, and for this purpose it is necessary to mount the spring 25 so that, in the closedposition of the switch, it has an initial tension in the closing direction of the contacts. For adjusting this pressure the screw 27 is arranged in accessible position for operating it by removing` a cap 28. By loosening the screw 27 the contact member is slightly raised andthe resilient contact pieces 4 are more strongly compressed and the pressure of the contacts against each other is increased.

Any objectionable strains due to shocks, more particularly before the completion ot' the switching movement, are prevented by special means which resiliently arrest the moving parts and exert a brakeaction on the same, such means being hereinafter more fully described.

In another modification of the invention (Fig. 3) 3 denotes the switch casing, 7 the hollow shaft of insulating material carrying the contact member, 8 the upper clamping sleeve, 10 the switching` shaft, and 11 and 11 the two part casing tired to the cover, 13 denotes the part secured to the switching shaft and carrying at its bottom side the teeth 14 of the clutch, 15 denotes a part surrounding the switching shaft and `iournalled in the casing 11 by a ball bearing 1G and carrying at its top side the teeth 14 of the clutch 14, while its bottom end is provided with gear teeth 18. The gear teeth 18 engage a toothed segment 2O operated by a pulling device ,23. The spring 25 is arranged exteriorly of the parts 13 and 15 and one of its ends is secured to the part 13 and the other end tothe part 15. rllhe parts 13 and 15 are provided with central recesses in which another spring 30 is arranged, one of its ends being attached to the part 13 and the other end to the part 15.

n The operation of this construction is similar to that described in connection with Fig. 1 in as much as the movement transmitted to the part 15 by the pulling' device tonsions the spring 25 and enables the bottom teeth 14 of the clutch to accumulate energy in the driving part until the teeth 14 enthe teeth 14". After the one part of the clutch has engaged the other part the entire energy is suddenly transmitted to the switching shaft 1() and the contact member is caused to swing about at a high speed.

The object of the spring 30 of this form is to produce the contact pressure in the position of rest and with this object in view the spring has a suitable initial tension. For this reason the spring 25 may not be under tension while the switch is in its closed position, the accumulating action of the spring 25 can be still better utilized in this form than in the form shown in Fig. 1. For the better understanding of the action of the spring 25 it may be said that the spring 25 is so proportioned that the winding power required for putting it under tension is smaller than the winding power necessary for starting the contact member having the inertia of the switching disc and the parts 7, 8, 9, 10 connected therewith.

The means for producing a brake action on the switching movement may be constructed in various ways. According to the invention the brake on the movable parts isv produced in such a manner that the action takes place in steps. The braking action on the driving parts takes place irst and then on the driven parts. This is made possible by the above described construction of the clutch 14 since the lost motion (s) between the clutch teeth (14 and 14) permits, during the application of the braking action on the driving parts, continued movement and separate braking action of the driven parts. y

In the form of the braking device for the driving part shown-,by way of example in Fig. 4 and in Fig. 6, 15 denotes the part of the driving mechanism provided with gear teeth 18 and embracing the shaft 10. .21 denotes the toothed segment of the lever 2O on which the pulling device 23' acts. 22 denotes the pivot pin of the lever 20; on the pin 22a lever 35 pivoted, the hub or which carries teeth dcoining into engagement with teeth 37 on theehub of the lever 20vafter having moved through the space t. A projection 39 provided at the end of the'lever 35 engages with projections 40 on rods 43, the latter being adapted to slide longitudinallyin a support 42, Coiled springs 48 are interposed between discs contacting with the support ,42 and discs 46 locked on the rods 43 by means of nuts 45.

ln the position shown the driving element has completed the greater part ofvits stroke and the teeth 37 have just come into contact with the teeth 36; As the movement continues the end of the lever 35 is moved to.

the lett together with its projection 39 so that the springs`48 are compressed and exert a brake action untilthe movement has ceased.

The driven part of the switch drive however, moves still further under the action oi the spring 25owing to the lost motionV (8') now existing Jetween therear of the driving vteeth and the front of the driven teeth 14 and will be arrested only directly before having been moved through the entire angle s (Fig. 2) by a separate braking device. This braking device consists vfor instanceV of a plate spring 50 (Fig. 3) secured to a support 51 on the cover 3 of the switch casing and striking near the end of the switching movement against a pin 52 iiXedto the part 9, whereby the movement of the driven part.

is fully stopped. n n The time-way graph shown in Fig. 5 clearly illustrates the entire motions of the drive and the braking of driving and the driven part of the high voltage oil switch. U

The are markedv a illustrates the motion of the driving part and the arc marked b illustrates the. motion ofthe driven part.-

The driving part first movesrthrough the angle s. This movement, during which the energyoi" motion is accumulated in the mov-V ing masses of the driving part and in the tension ofthe spring 25` is represented by the line 7c. The adjacent line marked Z represents the state of motion from the moment at which the clutch 14 is thrown into operation to the moment at which the clutchBG is thrown into operation whereby a movement through the space or angle thas taken place. The line m illustrates the brake action uptofthe moment at which the driving parts are stopped.

l In the motion represented by the' line y lri'represents the movement from the moment at which the clutch 14 is thrown into operation up to the moment at which the clutch, 37 is thrown into operation. During-this entire movement power is transmitted tothe shaft l0. The line 0 illustrates the continued movement of the contact member-under the tension ofthe spring 25,'and the line p represents ther braking of the driven part by the platespring 50. As will be seen, the movement ofthe .driving part, requires nearly the same timeV as the movement of the driven part, but with a phase difference which approximately corresponds tothe time required for niovingthrough the, angle S. t he entire brake mechanism maybe attached to the cover 3 of the oil switch with or without afcasing, as shown in Fig. 6,

B T the abovedeseribed drivin irmechanism.

for oilswitches, high switching 'speeds may c be attained by means of comparatively small switching forces. Besides this condition,ac-Y cording to the invention at the same time av l. In ahigh voltage oil switch the combination of stationary contacts a rotatable contact member adapted to cooperate with the stationary contacts a driving element for such contact member a drivenl element connected to such contact member a coupling interposed between and operatively connected with 4the said driving element and driven element and l means for transmitting motion energy to the driving element, such coupling comprising a twopart clutch having lost motion, a powerv accumulating spring and another spring adapted to press the contact member againstv the said stationary contacts the latter spring being located in a recess in the said two part clutch. y

2. In a high voltage oil switch the combination, of stationary contacts a rotatable con tact member adapted to cooperate with the stationary contacts a driving element for such contact member a driven element lconnected VtoV such contact; member a coupling interposed between Vand operativelyV connected with the said driving element and driven element and means for transmitting motion energy to the driving element, such coupling comprising a clutch having lost motion and a resilient element and means for braking iirst the driving part of the said clutch and afterwards the driven part of the clutch.

3. In a high voltage oil switch the combination ot stationary contacts rotatable contact member adapted to cooperate with the stationary contacts a driving element for such contact member a driven element connected f tosuch Contact member andaV power accumu vlati'ng coupling interposed between and operatively connected tothe said driving element and driven element .and means yigor braking step by step the moving masses such vmeans coinprising a lever pivoted to the said drivfing element and springs adapted to act on such lever Whenever the driving element reaches a predetermined position.

4. In a high voltage oil switch the combination of stationary contacts a rotatable contact member adapted to cooperate With the stationary contacts a. driving element for such contact member a driven element connect-ed to such Contact member a coupling interposed between and operatively connected With the said driving` element and driven element and means for transmitting motion energy to the drivingr element, such coupling con'lprising a clutch having lost motion and a resilient element and means for braking first the driving part of the said clutch and afterwards the driven part of the clutch the means for braking the driven part comprising a spring fixed in the Casing and pin fixed to a driven part the said spring and pin being adapted to come into engagement with each other after the driven part continues its movement independently of the driving element.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

FRANZ HoUsT. 

